Bank reconciliation is rarely something most small business owners and entrepreneurs want to do. It is, however, essential to keeping the financial aspects of a business running smoothly. Bank reconciliation is the process of reconciling your bookkeeping records with your bank statement. It includes all expenditures and deposits during a specific time period.
The following is a guide for keeping the process easy and simple. This will make bank reconciliation as effective as possible.
First, you’ll want to save and organize all the records and documents. This means making a plan to keep all documents in a safe place when they come in. You’ll have quick and easy access to your items.
The items you’ll want to save include receipts for travel expenses, general expenditures and check stubs. There are several specific items needed that you’ll want to have ready before you begin a bank reconciliation. These include the following:
Most of the discrepancies you’ll find will involve basic human error. This is why you should conduct a bank reconciliation slowly and carefully. After you’ve found any discrepancies you’ll need to document why they occurred. You can do this on your software or on your manual document, such as an Excel sheet. You may want to write the reasons on the bank statement as well. Your have documented your discrepancies. You will also have the reasons they occurred.
Chron states that math errors, outstanding checks and electronic fees, are the most common reasons for discrepancies. Sometimes, however, the reason is fraud. This may occur because someone inside the business has recorded putting money in the bank but not actually deposited it. There could also be external sources of fraud as well. Completing bank reconciliations in a timely manner will allow you to uncover cases of fraud or theft as quickly as possible.
It’s important to note that if you’re using accounting software, a reconciliation discrepancy report will be generated. This will enable you to clearly and efficiently clean up any errors. Once you’ve checked and recorded the reasons for basic errors that often occur, there are still a few other items you may have forgotten to include.
Including what’s currently in any cash register will be necessary when reconciling all the finances in your company. According to the balance, mishandling the cash drawer is one of the most common ways you are likely to lose or have unaccounted money when running a business. This can also cause problems when it’s time for a bank reconciliation.
To reduce confusion during a reconciliation there are several steps you can take. For starters, you should obviously count and record cash on a daily basis. It may also be necessary to pull a current sales report throughout the day if your business is making a lot of transactions with cash. This will also keep your cash system running smoothly.
You may want to implement a triple reconciliation process during reconciliation. You can use a book balance, an accounting balance and the actual cash in the drawer. This will reduce the chance of making any mistakes.
Service fees and interest are items that are easy to forget but can cause major problems if left out during a reconciliation. Bank statements should list how much interest your business has earned each month. You may also see returned check fees and overdrafts on the statement as well. The bank may also add a service charge for operating the account. You’ll need to add this amount each time you complete a bank reconciliation.
Again, it’s good to go over things in sections. Deduct any service fees first and then add interest. You won’t be able to add or deduct these items until you receive the bank statement since things like interest will change from month to month. Even fees may change depending on your level of activity. How many checks you process each particular month will be one of several factor that may affect the charges for fees.
Sage City explains how voided transactions can affect the books during a bank reconciliation. For example, if you post a check on January 20th this means the check is in the bank reconciliation and the company ledger for January. If you void the check in February it still remains in the ledger for January. This is true even after it is no longer counted in the bank reconciliation for January.
You should use the same date to void the check that was on the check. It’s important to note that if you’re using an automated system, the process for voiding a check won’t be exactly the same for different types of software. If the history is not saved in certain types of software voided transactions may be completely deleted. If you’re using a software program, you should keep some type of history or record so you can store voided transactions. This is for security and auditing purposes. Do the same if you’re completing bank reconciliation manually.
You will now compare the company’s ledger with the bank statements. If there are still errors you’ll need to go through the previous steps to find where the discrepancies have occurred. Once the bank statement and the company ledger are equal you have finished the reconciliation.
Bank reconciliation will be less painful if you do it more frequently. Most people will try to balance their checkbook on a regular basis. You should also conduct a bank reconciliation for your business in regular intervals. Score recommends conducting your reconciliation process once a month. Even if you keep meticulous books, it’s necessary to complete the reconciliation process on a monthly basis.
Doing reconciliation every month will help ensure all funds are being deposited and withdrawn in an accurate manner. It will also help you detect any type of fraud that may be occurring. Jumping into a bank reconciliation can seem overwhelming. This is especially true if you’ve never done one before. Bank reconciliation can be easy if you follow these steps.
Some people still complete their bank reconciliation manually. If you’re operating a small business that doesn’t have a large amount of transactions this may work effectively for your company. Your business may be expanding rapidly. You may also see a large amount of discrepancies or are struggling to complete bank reconciliation on a regular basis. To make the process easier, you’ll want to consider using some type of accounting software.
Automating the process will almost certainly make it easier and more efficient to complete. There are several types of software that can provide financial assistance. Lots of software will include bank reconciliation. A professional accounting service can help you out. They can decipher all the products available to find the best fit for your specific business.
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